Fumaric acid, with the chemical formula C4H4O4, is a colorless, odorless crystalline solid that naturally occurs in various plants. It is a dicarboxylic acid and is often found in combination with its isomer, maleic acid. Fumaric acid has a wide range of applications across different industries. In the food and beverage industry, it is used as an acidulant, flavor enhancer, and leavening agent in various products, including baked goods, beverages, and confectionery. Fumaric acid is also employed in the production of fruit-flavored drinks and gummy candies to impart a tart taste.

Beyond the food industry, fumaric acid is utilized in the pharmaceutical industry to formulate medicines and in the manufacture of resins, particularly unsaturated polyester resins used in composite materials and coatings. It is also employed in the production of cosmetics and personal care products, where it serves as an ingredient in skin creams and lotions. Fumaric acid’s versatility as a safe and effective acid makes it valuable in multiple applications.