1,10-Phenanthroline monohydrate is a crystalline compound used primarily in analytical chemistry and various laboratory applications. It belongs to the family of heterocyclic organic compounds and is often employed as a chelating agent to form stable complexes with metal ions. These metal-phenanthroline complexes are valuable in colorimetric and spectrophotometric assays for the determination of metal concentrations.

In research and chemical analysis, 1,10-Phenanthroline monohydrate is used to detect and quantify metal ions such as iron, copper, and nickel. Its ability to form specific complexes with these metals makes it an essential reagent in analytical chemistry. Moreover, it is employed in electrochemical studies and as a ligand in coordination chemistry. The monohydrate form is preferred in many applications due to its enhanced solubility in water, making it more suitable for aqueous-based reactions and assays.