Triton X-100, also known as octylphenol ethoxylate, is a nonionic surfactant that belongs to the class of alkylphenol ethoxylates. It is widely used in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and research. Triton X-100 is known for its emulsifying, dispersing, and wetting properties, making it a versatile surfactant. It is commonly used in laboratories for cell lysis, DNA extraction, and as a cleaning agent for glassware and laboratory equipment.

In the pharmaceutical industry, Triton X-100 is used in the formulation of oral, topical, and parenteral drug products as an emulsifier and solubilizer. It helps improve the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs and aids in the uniform dispersion of active pharmaceutical ingredients. In addition to its role in the pharmaceutical sector, Triton X-100 is utilized in agriculture as a wetting agent and in various research applications, including protein solubilization and membrane protein studies. However, it is essential to use Triton X-100 with caution and adhere to safety guidelines due to its potential hazards and health risks associated with its exposure.